Bibliography

A New Pot of Gold: Hollywood Under the Electronic Rainbow, 1980-1989 - Stephen Prince - Google Books [WWW Document], n.d. URL https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_M3nR4wI99AC&pg=PA115&dq=post+production+jurassic+park&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ePwfVbLJJIn7auSygagK&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=post%20production%20jurassic%20park&f=false (accessed 4.4.15).

In the Blink of an Eye: A Perspective on Film Editing - Google Books [WWW Document], n.d. URL https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wB7cAAAAMAAJ&q=in+the+blink+of+an+eye+walter+murch&dq=in+the+blink+of+an+eye+walter+murch&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UjUbVaToBMn4UL34gIAM&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA (accessed 4.1.15).

Jurassic Park (1993) - Trivia - IMDb [WWW Document], n.d. URL http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0107290/trivia (accessed 4.4.15).

Michael Kahn - IMDb [WWW Document], n.d. URL http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0434883/ (accessed 4.4.15).

The Conversations: Walter Murch and the Art of Editing Film - Michael Ondaatje - Google Books [WWW Document], n.d. URL https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Szx1B4K-Oe4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=walter+murch&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ujUbVZLXJILkUrr6g6AM&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=walter%20murch&f=false (accessed 4.1.15).

Walter Murch - IMDb [WWW Document], n.d. URL http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0004555/ (accessed 4.1.15).

Rocky Horror Edit

Students at Staffordshire University were asked to create a 4 minute edit of a feature film. For this module the student began by deciding to do Black Swan but felt that it wasn't working. There were issues with reflecting the entire storyline as it has the same story duplicated throughout the film. The editor then attempted to edit Frozen but felt that they felt that they were unsure of the storyline as the film was quite new and so they chose a film they were familiar with which was The Rocky Horror Picture Show. 

The main narrative of the story is that engaged couple Brad and Janet are going to tell Dr Scott that they are to be married, on their way their car breaks down near an old castle. They go in to use a phone but they go on a strange adventure. Meeting Dr Frankfurter who is on a mission to make his own man, Columbia in love with one of the first men that Frankfurter experimented on, Magenta and Riff Raff siblings who with Dr Frankfurter are from a different planet and came here to clone and make a better human race. Dr Scott, Brad and Janet's friend is a scientist in the field of UFOs after he sees what is happening Riff Raff and Magenta kill Dr Frankfurter and Rocky, his human creation. 

Here is the first edit by the editor which was then improved by doing the following;

• Cut out the part in the time warp where Columbi explains how she met Eddie.
• Cut out parts of the song "Touch me" and shorten.
• Adding in the car breaking down with narrative of what is happening.
• Adding in the line by Riff Raff explaining they are aliens. 

There are a few errors within the edit these are as follows;

• When the editor started working on the titles they wanted the word to move like blood and dribble down the screen but the effect looked to cheesy, the editor then tried to put a displacement map over the mouth but this didn't work so this effect was used as it can move with the time and it has the sense of liquid moving in it. 
• Throughout the film there is a lot of use of cheesy transitions, in the feature film it uses this and it is there to add the cheese factor to the film. This was the first stage play for the LGBT community and they tried to bring that feeling into the film, the editor tried to encompass that through the transitions.
• In the beginning of the film the transitions are quite fast paced and some of the sound is very loud in comparison to some quite quiet audio to improve the editor should have ensured to check the sound levels out through speakers before uploading it.
• The use of the narrator aided the editor in being able to use his voice over to cover the action and move the plot along quickly. The editor also used split screen to cover to scenes at once where you see Brad and Janet enter their separate rooms and then be enticed by Dr Frankfurter in drag.  

Overall the film feels much more whole and understandable with these edits and it makes the film feel more fun to watch. Using techniques like cutting in motion, the kuleshov effect it has enhanced the film and taught the student how editing techniques can make a film better for the audience to watch and a more pleasureable piece.

This was edited in Adobe Premiere Pro CC.

Let Him Dangle

This is the film the student submitted for their first semester, post production module. The brief set for the class was to create a 3 minute film which is biased towards a conspiracy only using online footage. Below is what the student submitted.

Technically this film should have been phrased differently as the case was proven to be a conspiracy, so it wasn't a theory any longer, but there are still debates on whether those exact words "let him have it" were actually used when he couldn't even write his own name and signed his signature with an X. The student attempted to make the piece revolve around this point but for the audience to understand the story the texture of the entire case had to be seen. Including whether he was guilty or not of murder.

• The pace of the film is slow paced, although this does fit the atmosphere of the piece it makes the film boring to watch from an audience's prospective. 
• The use of very strong dark images supports the piece as it makes more of an emotional impact on the viewer and this is needed for the audience to feel a connection with Bentley and to support the conspiracy theory. 
• The editor used red text to symbolise blood throughout the piece and this ties into the story of an autistic 19 year old boy who got hung for a crime he did not commit.  
• The cut to Kenneth Clarke is quite sharp and it doesn't add much to the film, to enhance this film this would be a good thing to take out and replace with more footage focussed on Bentley's illness.
• In the middle section of the film where Bentley speaks his last words and the song "Hanging Tree" from the Hunger Games is playing the audio levels decrease heavily. If the editor was to do this again they should consider changing the levels to make a more balanced soundtrack to the video.
• Overall this video shows the story of Derek Bentley well and gives a good case on why the conspiracy is true but this film could do with a lot of tweaks within the edit, there are a couple of errors where the sound either cuts or fades to fast and the end or start of a line isn't clear to hear, this could lead to annoying the viewers as they didn't catch what had been said. 

This edit was done in Adobe Premiere Pro CC.

Kuleshov Effect

Soviet Film maker, Lev Kuleshov in the early life of film played with a psychology of film through his experiments. He then established the Kuleshov effect. This is an effect which is caused by the viewer when they watch to clips together. Kuleshov found that the brain likes connecting emotions together and putting two images next to each other in an edit the viewer will automatically assign the emotion to the person. The experiment he did was to take a picture of a man with a blank expression then show these three images with the man.

The first of the images was coffin, so the audience see the mans neutral face then see the coffin. The immediate reaction of the audience is to believe that the man is sad that the person is dead, even though he has a blank expression and had no connection to the death.

This is used heavily in films and Hitchcock speaks of it in the below documentary about the study by Kuleshov.